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03-25-2005, 12:06 AM
| #1 | ||
| Bio-Bucket Specialist   Join Date: Aug 2004 Location: 3rd rock from the sun
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Hello all  ,now maybe I'm crazy......  ......but it seems to me that every plant nutrient problem seems to deal with a yellow leaf.....right? so how do you know what's what........ in my travels I came across the information listed below......now granted this info can be found here at HC.....but all over the place.......so here it is......alot of good working info all in one place.......plus this comes with a easy to use , step by step problem solver  Nutrient Disorder Problem Solver To use the Problem-Solver, simply start at #1 below. When you think you've found the problem, read the Nutrients section [ found below ] to learn more about it. Diagnose carefully before making major changes. 1) If the problem affects only the bottom or middle of the plant go to #2. b) If it affects only the top of the plant or the growing tips, skip to #10. If the problem seems to affect the entire plant equally, skip to #6. 2) Leaves are a uniform yellow or light green; leaves die & drop; growth is slow. Leaf margins are not curled-up noticeably. >> Nitrogen(N) deficiency. b) If not, go to #3. 3) Margins of the leaves are turned up, and the tips may be twisted. Leaves are yellowing (and may turn brown), but the veins remain somewhat green. >> Magnesium (Mg) deficiency. b) If not, go to #4. 4) Leaves are browning or yellowing. Yellow, brown, or necrotic (dead) patches, especially around the edges of the leaf, which may be curled. Plant may be too tall. >> Potassium (K) deficiency. b) If not, keep reading. 5) Leaves are dark green or red/purple. Stems and petioles may have purple & red on them. Leaves may turn yellow or curl under. Leaf may drop easily. Growth may be slow and leaves may be small. >> Phosphorus(P) deficiency. b) If not, go to #6. 6) Tips of leaves are yellow, brown, or dead. Plant otherwise looks healthy & green. Stems may be soft >> Over-fertilization (especially N), over-watering, damaged roots, or insufficient soil aeration (use more sand or perlite. Occasionally due to not enough N, P, or K. b) If not, go to #7. 7) Leaves are curled under like a ram's horn, and are dark green, gray, brown, or gold. >> Over-fertilization (too much N). b) If not, go to #8… 8) The plant is wilted, even though the soil is moist. >> Over-fertilization, soggy soil, damaged roots, disease; copper deficiency (very unlikely). b) If not, go to #9. 9) Plants won't flower, even though they get 12 hours of darkness for over 2 weeks. >> The night period is not completely dark. Too much nitrogen. Too much pruning or cloning. b) If not, go to #10... 10) Leaves are yellow or white, but the veins are mostly green. >> Iron (Fe) deficiency. b) If not, go to #11. 11) Leaves are light green or yellow beginning at the base, while the leaf margins remain green. Necrotic spots may be between veins. Leaves are not twisted. >> Manganese (Mn) deficiency. b) If not, #12. 12) Leaves are twisted. Otherwise, pretty much like #11. >> Zinc (Zn) deficiency. b) If not, #13. 13) Leaves twist, then turn brown or die. >> The lights are too close to the plant. Rarely, a Calcium (Ca) or Boron (B) deficiency. b) If not… You may just have a weak plant. The Nutrients: Nitrogen - Plants need lots of N during vegging, but it's easy to overdo it. Added too much? Flush the soil with plain water. Soluble nitrogen (especially nitrate) is the form that's the most quickly available to the roots, while insoluble N (like urea) first needs to be broken down by microbes in the soil before the roots can absorb it. Avoid excessive ammonium nitrogen, which can interfere with other nutrients. Too much N delays flowering. Plants should be allowed to become N-deficient late in flowering for best flavor. Potassium - Too much sodium (Na) displaces K, causing a K deficiency. Sources of high salinity are: baking soda (sodium bicarbonate "pH-up"), too much manure, and the use of water-softening filters (which should not be used). If the problem is Na, flush the soil. K can get locked up from too much Ca or ammonium nitrogen, and possibly cold weather. Phosphorous - Some deficiency during flowering is normal, but too much shouldn't be tolerated. Red petioles and stems are a normal, genetic characteristic for many varieties, plus it can also be a co-symptom of N, K, and Mg-deficiencies, so red stems are not a foolproof sign of P-deficiency. Too much P can lead to iron deficiency. Magnesium - Mg-deficiency is pretty common since marijuana uses lots of it and many fertilizers don't have enough of it. Mg-deficiency is easily fixed with ¼ teaspoon/gallon of Epsom salts (first powdered and dissolved in some hot water) or foliar feed at ½ teaspoon/quart. When mixing up soil, use 2 teaspoon dolomite lime per gallon of soil for Mg. Mg can get locked-up by too much Ca, Cl or ammonium nitrogen. Don't overdo Mg or you'll lock up other nutrients. Iron - Fe is unavailable to plants when the pH of the water or soil is too high. If deficient, lower the pH to about 6.5 (for rockwool, about 5.7), and check that you're not adding too much P, which can lock up Fe. Use iron that's chelated for maximum availability. Read your fertilizer's ingredients - chelated iron might read something like "iron EDTA". To much Fe without adding enough P can cause a P-deficiency. Manganese - Mn gets locked out when the pH is too high, and when there's too much iron. Use chelated Mn. Zinc - Also gets locked out due to high pH. Zn, Fe, and Mn deficiencies often occur together, and are usually from a high pH. Don't overdo the micro-nutrients-lower the pH if that's the problem so the nutrients become available. Foliar feed if the plant looks real bad. Use chelated zinc. Check Your Water - Crusty faucets and shower heads mean your water is "hard," usually due to too many minerals. Tap water with a TDS (total dissolved solids) level of more than around 200ppm (parts per million) is "hard" and should be looked into, especially if your plants have a chronic problem. Ask your water company for an analysis listing, which will usually list the pH, TDS, and mineral levels (as well as the pollutants, carcinogens, etc) for the tap water in your area. This is a common request, especially in this day and age, so it shouldn't raise an eyebrow. Regular water filters will not reduce a high TDS level, but the costlier reverse-osmosis units, distillers, and de-ionizers will. A digital TDS meter (or EC = electrical conductivity meter) is an incredibly useful tool for monitoring the nutrient levels of nutrient solution, and will pay for itself before you know it. They run about $40 and up. General Feeding Tips - Pot plants are very adaptable, but a general rule of thumb is to use more nitrogen & less phosphorous during the vegetative period, and the exact opposite during the flowering period. For the veg. period try a N:P:K ratio of about 10:7:8 (which of course is the same ratio as 20:14:16), and for flowering plants, 4:8:8. Check the pH after adding nutrients. A simple guideline to remember is:
seedlings = 50-150 ppm; unrooted clones = 100-350 ppm; small plants = 400-800 ppm; large plants = 900-1800 ppm; last week of flowering = taper off to plain water. These numbers are just a guideline, and many factors can change the actual level the plants will need. Certain nutrients are "invisible" to TDS meters, especially organics, so use TDS level only as an estimate of actual nutrient levels. When in doubt about a new fertilizer, follow the fertilizer's directions for feeding tomatoes. Grow a few tomato or radish plants nearby for comparison. PH - The pH of water after adding any nutrients should be around 5.9-6.5 (in rockwool, 5.5-6.1). Generally speaking, the micro-nutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) get locked out at a high pH (alkaline) above 7.0, while the major nutrients (N, P, K, Mg) can be less available in acidic soil or water (below 5.0). Tap water is often too alkaline. Soils with lots of peat or other organic matter in them tend to get too acidic, which some dolomite lime will help fix. Soil test kits vary in accuracy, and generally the more you pay the better the accuracy. For the water, color-based pH test kits from aquarium stores are inexpensive, but inaccurate. Invest in a digital pH meter ($40-80), preferably a waterproof one. You won't regret it. Cold - Cold weather (below 50F/10C) can lock up phosphorous. Some varieties, like equatorial sativas, don't take well to cold weather. If you can keep the roots warmer, the plant will be able to take cooler temps than it otherwise could. Heat - If the lights are too close to the plant, the tops may be curled, dry, and look burnt, mimicking a nutrient problem. Your hand should not feel hot after a minute when you hold it at the top of the plants. Raise the lights and/or aim a fan at the hot zone. Room temps should be kept under 85F (29C) -- or 90F (33) if you add additional CO2. Humidity - Thin, shriveled leaves can be from low humidity. 40-80 % is usually fine. Mold and Fungus - Dark patchy areas on leaves and buds can be mold. Lower the humidity and increase the ventilation if mold is a problem. Remove any dead leaves, wherever they are. Keep your garden clean. Insects - White spots on the tops of leaves can mean spider mites underneath. Sprays - Foliar sprays are great for bringing nute's right to the plant.....when plants are stressed or there is a problem......a good foliar spray may save the plant. Foliar sprays can have a "magnifying glass" effect under bright lights, causing small white, yellow or burnt spots which can be confused with a nutrient problem. Some sprays can also cause chemical reactions. Insufficient light - tall, stretching plants are usually from using the wrong kind of light.. Don't use regular incandescent bulbs ("grow bulbs") or halogens to grow cannabis. Invest in fluorescent lighting (good) or HID lighting (much better) which supply the high-intensity light that cannabis needs for good growth and tight buds. Even better, grow in sunlight. Clones - yellowing leaves on unrooted clones can be from too much light, or the stem may not be firmly touching the rooting medium. Turn off any CO2 until they root. Too much fertilizer can shrivel or wilt clones - plain tap water is fine. I hope you have found this information usefull..... I would like to thank Aquaman2112 over at ICMag.com for compiling and sharing alot of this fine information......daltron
__________________ Carry on my wayward son, in my fathers memory, Daltron Jr. Current Journal my first BioPonic grow journal (5 plants yields over 3 lbs) BioPonic's: The Constrution Thread Clones The easy way CannaButter How to make it Problem Solver::learn how to read your MJ leaves Marijuana.com Strain Guide Last edited by daltron; 03-25-2005 at 03:11 PM.. | ||
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03-25-2005, 09:42 AM
| #2 | ||
| Senior Gardener  Join Date: Jul 2004 Location: right near the beach
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| awesome thread Daltron... alot of people will find this useful... thx for taking the time to do this for the HC community.
__________________ what can i say....i love weed  | ||
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03-25-2005, 12:16 PM
| #3 | ||
| Grand Master Gardener  Join Date: Feb 2005 Location: Sitting On A Corn Flake, Waiting For The Van To Come
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| Very nice Dalton. I certainly hope they are read and copied, I also have a pictorial troublshooting guide below in my signature. Once there, that guide can be copied or bookmarked. The troubleshooting guide you listed is there also. Here in the grow guide there is some info. I'll include a pH chart below for nutes in soil, and their pH availability. ***remember a deficiency may not mean a nute is totally non-available. But, the amount available is no longer sufficient. So as the lines in this diagram become wider(sufficient) and/or thiner(non sufficient), this is what they portray. I can't say enough about pH and the problem with nutes. An out of range pH "will" cause a nute problem, very simple. It's not some of the time, but everytime....New growers must understand that pH is like the gas in their car. If your car wont start...you check the gas before you pull the engine out. Anyone that would also like to bookmark the pictorial trouble shooting guide I spoke of. It's linked below under "Plant Abuse" | ||
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03-26-2005, 05:21 PM
| #4 | |||
| Bio-Bucket Specialist Join Date: Aug 2004 Location: 3rd rock from the sun
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Quote:
and thanks for stoping by......your welcome.....I just hope people find it, read it and use it........it does work and help........Some people want to learn, others just want to be told what to do.......this will help anybody who wants to learn..... daltron
__________________ Carry on my wayward son, in my fathers memory, Daltron Jr. Current Journal my first BioPonic grow journal (5 plants yields over 3 lbs) BioPonic's: The Constrution Thread Clones The easy way CannaButter How to make it Problem Solver::learn how to read your MJ leaves Marijuana.com Strain Guide | |||
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solve any problem |
04-16-2005, 09:20 AM
| #5 | ||||
| 1st-time outdoor grower  Join Date: Dec 2003 Location: somewhere in the Sierra Madre.....
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and when you also add the component of pH into the pic you can understand how the two come together. and if up ask me I got to add my name to the pH camp as well, and beener2969 you nailed it... Quote:
 the easiest way to determine all the above is to do a simple test.
__________________ Some people see things as they are and ask, "Why"? I see things as they should be and ask "Why not"? >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Buzz's Tranplant Method Highonfire420's Cf chart The Desert Growers Primer The VeggieMan of OZ Daltron's Nutrient Troubleshooter | ||||
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05-20-2005, 10:02 PM
| #6 | ||
| Bio-Bucket Specialist Join Date: Aug 2004 Location: 3rd rock from the sun
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Hello all, just thought I would give this thread a little bump......it is a good and useful tool.....bookmark it for when you do have a problem...you will be glad you did.... daltron
__________________ Carry on my wayward son, in my fathers memory, Daltron Jr. Current Journal my first BioPonic grow journal (5 plants yields over 3 lbs) BioPonic's: The Constrution Thread Clones The easy way CannaButter How to make it Problem Solver::learn how to read your MJ leaves Marijuana.com Strain Guide | ||
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05-10-2008, 09:55 AM
| #7 | ||
| Rain Maker   Join Date: Sep 2003 Location: far far away...
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__________________  There really is no right way to grow, you have to resonate with a style and learn what you can, tweak it to your own style and raise the bar each grow... OD '07 | ||
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05-10-2008, 11:09 AM
| #8 | ||
| I like to grow vegetables  Join Date: Jul 2007
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| Thanks OD, this the best diagnostic tool for me. Excellent bookmark material  .Shine On up there Daltron. I didn't know you but I'm a fan.
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05-10-2008, 03:02 PM
| #9 | ||
| a view askew, to see anew Join Date: Oct 2007
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09-13-2008, 12:38 AM
| #10 | ||
| fire master Join Date: Jul 2008
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__________________  MD | ||
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